A comparison of the performance of a few popular javascript frameworks
This is a simple benchmark for several javascript frameworks. The benchmarks creates a large table with randomized entries and measures the time for various operations including rendering duration.
Currently there are 186 implemenations in this repository. It’s of course impossible for me to make a security assessment
for all those implementations. npm ci
and npm install
can execute arbitraty commands, so they should be executed only for packages you trust. Consequently I build on a dedicated virtual private linux server such that I don’t have to install the packages for all those implemenations on my laptop. There’s a prebuild build.zip for each chrome release you can download such that you can avoid installing the packages from all implementations.
(I don’t know of any (attempted) case for malicious packages in this repository, so please take it just as a general warning.)
The server implemenation in this repository should only be started on your local machine and access should be restricted to your local machine. I recommend against starting the server such that it can be publically accessed from the internet.
The following operations are benchmarked for each framework:
For all benchmarks the duration is measured including rendering time. You can read some details on this article and in the wiki. Starting with chrome 118 the overall performance is computed as a weighted geometric mean.
Official results are posted on the official results page.
My blog has a few articles about the benchmark.
Older results of this benchmark are outlined on my blog (round 1, round 2, round 3, round 4, round 5, round 6, round 7 and round 8).
The current snapshot that may not have the same quality (i.e.
results might be for mixed browser versions, number of runs per benchmark may vary) can be seen here
Some frameworks like React, Vue.js or Angular, allow you to create a 1:1 relationship between a data item and a DOM node by assigning a “key” attribute (or for Angular, specifying “trackBy” in *ngFor). If you use some identifier of the data as the key, you get the “keyed” mode. Any update to the data will update the associated DOM node. If you reorder the list, the DOM nodes will be reordered accordingly.
The other mode is “non-keyed” and this is what e.g. vue.js uses by default for lists. In this mode, a change to the data items can modify DOM nodes that were associated with other data before. This can be more performant, since costly DOM operations can be avoided (e.g. first removing old nodes and then adding new nodes) and the existing DOM nodes are updated to display the new data. For React and Angular, using the item index as the key uses “non-keyed” mode for those frameworks.
Depending on your requirements, the “non-keyed” mode can be a performance gain or can cause severe problems, so one must carefully choose the mode and check that the framework supports that mode.
Read more here: https://www.stefankrause.net/wp/?p=342
There are currently 186 implementations in this repository. Installing (and maintaining) those can be challenging, but here are simplified instructions how to get started. See the security advice above to read why that might be a good idea.
Have node.js (>=v20.9.0) installed. If you want to do yourself a favour use nvm for that. The benchmark has been tested with node v20.9.0.
Please make sure that the following command work before trying to build:
> npm
npm -version
10.1.0
> node --version
v20.9.0
building all frameworks can be challenging. There’s a new way that allows to skip that and just run the benchmark without builiding all implementations.
Start with checking out a tagged release like that. Pick the release that you want (e.g. chrome 100):
git clone https://github.com/krausest/js-framework-benchmark.git
cd js-framework-benchmark
git checkout chrome100 -b release
npm ci && npm run install-local
Download the build.zip for that release from https://github.com/krausest/js-framework-benchmark/releases
and put the build.zip into the js-framework-benchmark directory and unzip the prebuilt files:
unzip build.zip
You’re now ready to start the http-server. Let the server run in the background
npm start
In a new console window you can now run the benchmarks:
npm run bench
This will take some time (currently about 12 hours on my machine). Finally create the results table:
npm run results
Open js-framework-benchmark/webdriver-ts-results/table.html in a browser and take a look at the results. You can open the result table with the link http://localhost:8080/webdriver-ts-results/dist/index.html
Here’s what you should do when the benchmark run was not successful. Let’s assume the benchmark printed the following to the console:
================================
The following benchmarks failed:
================================
Executing frameworks/non-keyed/ef-js and benchmark 04_select1k failed: No paint event found
run was not completely successful Benchmarking failed with errors
You’ll now have to run the benchmark again for those that failed like that:
npm run bench -- --framework non-keyed/ef-js --benchmark 04_
The you can then continue with creating the results table npm run results
.
Another workaround is to delete the folders of frameworks you can’t run or you are not interested in.
Have node.js (>=v16.14.2) installed. If you want to do yourself a favour use nvm for that and install yarn. The benchmark has been tested with node vv16.14.2.
For some frameworks you’ll also need java (>=8, e.g. openjdk-8-jre on ubuntu).
Please make sure that the following command work before trying to build:
> npm
npm -version
8.5.0
> node --version
v16.14.2
> echo %JAVA_HOME% / echo $JAVA_HOME
> java -version
java version "1.8.0_131" ...
> javac -version
javac 1.8.0_131
As stated above building and running the benchmarks for all frameworks can be challenging, thus we start step by step…
Install global dependencies
This installs just a few top level dependencies for the building the frameworks and a local web server.
npm ci
Then install the server:
npm run install-server
We start the local web server in the root directory
npm start
Verify that the local web server works:
Try to open http://localhost:8080/index.html. If you see something like that you’re on the right track:
Now open a new terminal window and keep the web server running in background.
We now try to build the first framework. Go to the vanillajs reference implementation
cd frameworks/keyed/vanillajs
and install the dependencies
npm ci
and build the framework
npm run build-prod
There should be no build errors and we can open the framework in the browser:
http://localhost:8080/frameworks/keyed/vanillajs/
Some frameworks like binding.scala or ember can’t be opened that way, because they need a ‘dist’ or ‘target/web/stage’ or something in the URL. You can find out the correct URL in the index.html you’ve opened before or take a look whether there’s a customURL property under js-framework-benchmark in the package.json that represents the url.
The benchmark uses an automated benchmark driver using chromedriver to measure the duration for each operation using chrome’s timeline. Here are the steps to run is for a single framework:
cd ../../..
cd webdriver-ts
and install the dependencies
npm ci
and build the benchmark driver
npm run compile
now run the benchmark driver for the vanillajs-keyed framework:
npm run bench keyed/vanillajs
Just lean back and watch chrome run the benchmarks.
If it doesn’t complain then the html for the table should be fine and your categorization as keyed or non-keyed should also be correct.
You should keep the chrome window visible since otherwise it seems like paint events can be skipped leading to wrong results. On the terminal will appear various log statements.
The results for that run will be saved in the webdriver-ts/results
directory. We can take a look at the results of a single result:
cat results/vanillajs-keyed_01_run1k.json
{"framework":"vanillajs-keyed","benchmark":"01_run1k","type":"cpu","min":135.532,"max":154.821,"mean":143.79166666666666,"median":141.022,"geometricMean":143.56641695989177,"standardDeviation":8.114582360718808,"values":[154.821,135.532,141.022]}
As you can see the mean duration for create 1000 rows was 144 msecs.
You can also check whether the implementation appears to be compliant to the rules:
npm run isKeyed keyed/vanillajs
If it finds anything it’ll report an ERROR.
Install libraries:
cd ..
cd webdriver-ts-results
npm ci
cd ..
cd webdriver-ts
In the webdriver-ts directory issue the following command:
npm run results
Now a result table should have been created which can be opened on http://localhost:8080/webdriver-ts-results/dist/index.html.
There’s nothing in table except for the column vanillajs-keyed at the right end of the first table.
This simply rebuilds the file used to display the table, not the results.
npm run index
This is not for the faint at heart. Please read the security advice before running this command.
You can build all frameworks by issuing:
cd ..
npm run rebuild-all
After downloading the whole internet it starts building it. Basically there should be no errors during the build, but I can’t guarantee that the dependencies won’t break.
You can now run the benchmark for all frameworks by invoking:
npm run bench-all
in the root directory.
After that you can check all results in http://localhost:8080/webdriver-ts/table.html.
npm run bench keyed/angular keyed/react
.npm run bench -- --benchmark 01_ 02_ --framework keyed/vanillajs keyed/react-hooks
npm run bench -- --chromeBinary /usr/bin/google-chrome
npm run isKeyed
in the webdriver-ts directory. You can limit which frameworks to check in the same way as the webdriver test runner like e.g. npm run isKeyed keyed/svelte
. The program will report an error if a benchmark implementation is incorrectly classified.Thanks @dsvorc41 for providing the following description:
TL;DR:
cd js-framework-benchmark/
npm ci
or npm i
npm run install-local
mkdir /frameworks/keyed/fast
@microsoft/fast-element
) etcindex.html
in the root of your folder where your app will be served touch /frameworks/keyed/fast/index.html
<link href="/css/currentStyle.css" rel="stylesheet" />
<h1>Hello World - Fast Framework</h1>
somewherenpm start
http://localhost:8080/frameworks/keyed/fast/index.html
frameworks/keyed/vanillajs/index.html
)
<body>
<div id="main">
<div class="container">
<div class="jumbotron">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6">
<h1>VanillaJS-"keyed"</h1>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-6 smallpad">
<button
type="button"
class="btn btn-primary btn-block"
id="run"
>
Create 1,000 rows
</button>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6 smallpad">
<button
type="button"
class="btn btn-primary btn-block"
id="runlots"
>
Create 10,000 rows
</button>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6 smallpad">
<button
type="button"
class="btn btn-primary btn-block"
id="add"
>
Append 1,000 rows
</button>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6 smallpad">
<button
type="button"
class="btn btn-primary btn-block"
id="update"
>
Update every 10th row
</button>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6 smallpad">
<button
type="button"
class="btn btn-primary btn-block"
id="clear"
>
Clear
</button>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6 smallpad">
<button
type="button"
class="btn btn-primary btn-block"
id="swaprows"
>
Swap Rows
</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<table class="table table-hover table-striped test-data">
<!-- your dynamic content should render here -->
</table>
</div>
</div>
</body>
frameworks/keyed/fast/src/utils/build-dummy-data.ts
as an exampleid
is an important attribute and it must be initialized as 1
, and continuously incremented. The only time id
resets back to 1
is when the page reloads - otherwise it should just keep incrementing each time a new row is created. Doing anything else will cause errors when benchmarks try to find elements with specific IDs. Trust me, I learned the hard way.frameworks\keyed\fast\src\App.ts
and frameworks\keyed\fast\src\components\Table.ts
:
export class BenchmarkApp extends FASTElement {
createOneThousandRows() {}
createTenThousandRows() {}
appendOneThousandRows() {}
updateEveryTenthRowLabel() {}
deleteAllRows() {}
swapTwoRows() {}
deleteSingleRow(rowId: number) {}
}
export class Table extends FASTElement {
selectRow(rowId: number) {}
}
frameworks\keyed\fast\dist\bundle.js
which will be loaded through a script tag in your HTML file "dev": "rimraf dist && webpack --config webpack.config.js --watch --mode=development",
npm start
npm start
, and in another terminal tab, also from the root folder run npm run bench -- --framework keyed/fast
(or whatever is your framework keyed/react
, keyed/angular
, etc.). npm run bench -- --framework keyed/vanillajs
npm run results
http://localhost:8080/webdriver-ts-results/table.html
For contributions it is basically sufficient to create a new directory for your framework that supports npm install
and npm run build-prod
and can be then opened in the browser. All other steps are optional. Let’s simulate that by copying vanillajs.
cd ../frameworks/keyed
cp -r vanillajs super-vanillajs
cd super-vanillajs
Then we edit super-vanillajs/index.html to have a correct index.html:
<title>Super-VanillaJS-"keyed"</title>
...
<h1>Super-VanillaJS-"keyed"</h1>
In most cases you’ll need npm install
and npm run build-prod
and then check whether it works in the browser on http://localhost:8080/frameworks/keyed/super-vanillajs/.
(Of course in reality you’d rather throw out the javascript source files and use your framework there instead of only changing the html file.)
(Notice: Updating common.ts is no longer necessary, super-vanillajs is visible in the result table)
Your package.json must include some information for the benchmark. Since you copied it, the important section is already there:
...
"js-framework-benchmark": {
"frameworkVersion": "",
"frameworkHomeURL": ""
},
...
This one is a bit exceptional since vanillajs has no version and there no framework involved. If you use a normal framework like react it carries a version information and the framework should have an URL. For most frameworks you’ll add a
dependency to your framework in package.json. The benchmark can automatically determine the correct version information from package.json and package-lock.json if you specify the
package name like that:
"js-framework-benchmark": {
"frameworkVersionFromPackage": "react"
"frameworkHomeURL": "https://www.reactjs.org"
},
Now the benchmark will fetch the installed react version from package-lock.json in the react directory and use that version number to compute the correct version string.
If your library has multiple important packages like react + redux you can put them separated with a colon there like “react:redux”.
If you don’t pull your framework from npm you can hardcode a version like "frameworkVersion": "0.0.1"
.
The other important, but optional properties for js-framework-benchmark are shown in the following example:
"customURL": "/target/web/stage",
"useShadowRoot": true
You can set an optional different URL if needed or specify that your DOM uses a shadow root.
Please take a look at https://github.com/krausest/js-framework-benchmark/wiki/Process-for-merging-a-pull-request for informations how pull requests are merged.
Contributions are very welcome. Please use the following rules:
npm install
and npm run build-prod
command in the directory. What build-prod does is up to you. Often there’s an npm run dev
that creates a development buildnpm run rebuild-ci [keyed|non-keyed]/[FrameworkName]
. It’ll print an error if your framework doesn’t build, the benchmark can’t be run or behaves other as specified. It’ll print a big ERROR explaining if it isn’t happy with the implementation. Some common errors include:
npm run isKeyed
test in the test driver otherwise they are erroneous. Not that this test might not be sufficient, but just necessary to be keyed (from time to time we find new loop holes). There’s error #694 for such cases.Helpful tips:
<span class="preloadicon glyphicon glyphicon-remove" aria-hidden="true"></span>
or you will get terrible performance.This work is derived from a benchmark that Richard Ayotte published on https://gist.github.com/RichAyotte/a7b8780341d5e75beca7 and adds more framework and more operations. Thanks for the great work.
Thanks to Baptiste Augrain for making the benchmarks more sophisticated and adding frameworks.
Frameworks without significant activity on github or npm for more than a year will be removed (automatic commits like dependabot and minor updates, like docs editions, are ignored).
The following frameworks were archived after chrome 120. Their last results are included in chrome 120 results.
The following frameworks were archived after chrome 119. Their last results are included in chrome 119 results.
The following frameworks were archived after chrome 118. Their last results are included in chrome 118 results.